ROUGH CHRONOLOGY OF ANCIENT ISRAEL

B.C.E.
C.E.  
1300 Earliest parts of Hebrew Bible
(e.g. Job folktale)
6 Rome appoints first Prefect
1250 Exodus from Egypt: Moses, Mt. Sinai, etc 26-36 Pontius Pilate is Prefect
1200-1100 Conquest of Canaan, Period of Judges (charismatic leaders of loosely affiliated tribes) ~30 Jesus crucified by Romans
1020- King Saul United
Monarchy
50 Paul's letter to Thessalonians
1005- King David ~50-100 Gospel of Thomas (non-canonical)64
1000-900 J source of Genesis 64 Paul executed in Rome
965- King Solomon; First Temple 66-74 First Jewish Revolt against Roman occupation
925-721 Israel in north (750: Amos)
Judah in south
Divided
Monarchy
66-70 First Jewish Revolt
~900-800 Elijah 70 Jerusalem and Second Temple destroyed by Romans
750 Amos 70-74 Gospel of Mark
800-700 E source of Genesis 80-85 Gospel of Matthew
722 Israel conquered by Assyria 85-100 Gospel of Luke, Acts
722-586 Judah alone 90 Codification of the Jewish Canon, beginnings of Rabbinic Judaism
586 Judah conquered by Babylonians; Temple destroyed 90-100 Gospel of John, Book of Revelation
586-539 Babylonian Exile: bulk of Job poem; origin of synagogue; Deuteronomy compiled (w/sources back to 721) 93-94 Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews (earliest extant non-Christian reference to Jesus)
539 Babylon conquered by Cyrus of Persia; Judeans allowed to return 132-135 Second Jewish Revolt
516 Second Temple begun 200 Codification of the Mishnah
~500 P source of Genesis 325 Council of Nicea (doctrine of Trinity)
333 Alexander the Great in Israel, bringing Greek culture and influence (Hellenistic) 400-500 Jerusalem Talmud compiled
63 Pompey captures Jerusalem ~600 Babylonian Talmud compiled
37-4 Herod the Great: completes rebuilding of Second Temple    
27BCE-14CE Caesar Augustus rules Roman Empire    
7-4 Jesus of Nazareth born